General Awareness - General, Applied, Basic Chemistry Notes - Part 2

Basic Chemistry - General Chemistry - Applied Chemistry - Chemistry Notes for All Competitive Exams - Part II

• Nylon, Polyethylene and Teflon are the thermoplastic polymers. 
• The volume of a given mass of a gas at constant temperature varies inversely with the pressure. 
• Plutonium is not found in nature and it is man-made. 
• Methyl alcohol is not used for marking alcoholic beverages. 
• The chief chemical constituent of petroleum is hydrocarbons.
• Ionic bond is formed when a metallic element reacts with a non-metallic element. 
• Calcium is most suited for a photoelectric cell. 
• The chemical name of calomel is mercuras chloride (Hg2Cl2).
• In an ordinary dry cell electrolyte is Ammonium chloride. 
• Radioactive nucleus cannot emit proton. 
• Zinc oxide is called the flower of zinc. 
• To make the glass hard. Some KCl is added to it. 
• Lead of a pencil is made of graphite. 
• The gas used in refrigerators is ammonia. 
• The acid used in Lead-storage batteries is sulphuric acid. 
• α-rays are basically Helium nuclei. 
• Fly ash from thermal plants can be profitably used to make bricks and pre-cast blocks.
• Stainless steel resists rusting as it contains a high proportion of chromium to carbon. 
• Permanent hardness of water i.e. due to Calcium sulphate. Which can be eliminated by using zeolites. 
• Cysteine (an amino acid) contains sulphur. 
• Cooking is quicker in a pressure cooker because it increases bailing point of water. 
• Chemical fertilizers contain nitrogen potassium and phosphorus. 
• The charcoal, used to declourise raw sugar is animal charcoal. 
• Kinetics is the rate at which chemical reactions proceed. 
• Iron sheets are galvanized to prevent corrosion by coating them with a layer of zinc. 
• Inert Gases cannot be easily changed by chemical reactions. 
• The deposition of one metal on another by electric current is known as electroplating. 
• An element which burns to give an oxide which is gaseous under ordinary condition is carbon. 
• Elements having atomic numbers higher than 92 in the periodic tables. 
• The molecular weight of element or a compound is the number of times one molecule of it is as heavy as one atom of hydrogen. 
• Oxy-acetylene flame has the maximum temperature.
• The atoms of the same element combine to form the covalent bonds. 
• Thorium is extracted from the monazite sand. 
• The property of metals capable of being drawn into wires known as ductility. 
• Copper sulphare and Bordeaux mixture are used as fungicides. 
• Cobalt, Nickel and Iron Ore Magnetic in nature. 
• Under the normal condition a peeled banana is a plastic. 
• The reagent that bleaches the colour of a fabric is sulphur dioxide. 
• Tyndall effect would be observed in a cottoidal solution. 
• On Earth's crust, the most abundant element is oxygen. 
• Gasoline is the name given to the same substance as petrol. 
• Duralium contains 95% aluminium.
• Ordinary hydrogen has excess of H-atoms. 
• A breeder reactor is that which produces more fissionable material than it burns. 
• The acid generally stored in batteries is sulphuric acid. 
• Eudiometer is to measure volume change in chemical reactions between gases. 
• Nitrogen in the air litutes oxygen which is very reactive in pure form. 
• The permanent hardness of water can be removed by adding washing soda to some extent, but it can completely be removed by adding zeolites. 
• Ordinary hydrogen has excess of + atoms. 
• In fermentation there is invariably the formation of ethyl alcohol. 
• Bromine is a red liquid. 
• A gas will behave as an ideal gas at very low pressure and high temperature. 
• Silver is not significantly affected by atmospheric moisture and oxygen. 
• Exhaled hair when bubbled through lime water turns milky because it contains CO2.
• Water is most easily changed into the solid or gaseous phase from its natural phase at room temperature. 
• Hydrogen has the same atomic number and atomic weight. 
• The pH-value of solution obtained by the complete neutralization of HCl and NaOH solution will exactly be 7.
• Avogadro’s Law is applicable to gases only
• Asbestos is a fibrous silicate mineral mainly of Ca and Mg. 
• In general, the solubility of a solid in a liquid can be increased by increasing temperature. 
• Dry ice at room temperature gives CO2 gas.
• Potassium reacts most readily with water. 
• Protons has properties similar to that of both particles waves. 
• Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen by weight in the ratio of 2:16. 
• A balloon filled with hydrogen gas can raise upto the height. Where the density of air becomes equal to the average density of balloon filled with hydrogen. 
• Gun metal is made from tin and copper. 
• Fibre gas is used for insulating stoves and refrigerators. 
• Detergents produce lather with hard water because the calcium and magnesium salts of sulphuric acids once soluble in water. 
• The function of a moderator in nuclear reactor is to slow down the secondary neutrons. 
• In electrolysis electrical energy is charged to chemical energy. 
• An element cannot be split up into two or more simpler substances by any known chemical process.
• The term Octane number is related to petrol. 
• Negative ions migrate to the anode during electrolysis. 
• In the process of enameling utensils a metal utensil is covered with a layer of Molten glass. 
• The soft-smooth feel of the skin after using shaving lotion is due to the presence of alcohol. 
• Silver halides are used in photographic plates because they are readily reduced by light. 
• Vinegar is prepared by the fermentation of apple cider in presence of air. 
• Manometer is an instrument to determine the pressure of the gas. 
• Urea can be manufactured by NH28CO2
• Mordants are substance that fix colours on fabrics. 
• A piece of bread when chewed tastes sweet because Saliva's action converts starch into Maltose. 
• The principal components of biogas are CH4 and CO. 
• Atmospheric temperature increases with elevation due to convection. 
• Deuterium (4H²) differs from hydrogen in physical properties only.
• The temperature at which a sample may exist in all three phases in equilibrium is called triple point. 
• Boson (an elementary from of matter) have the tendency to stay in its ground state. 
• The height of the liquid in a barometer tube depends on the pressure of the atmosphere and nature of the liquid. 
• The only metal which exists as liquid at room temperature is Mercury. 
• The commonly used refrigerant in fridges is Freon i.e, CFCs. 
• Pyrex glass is resistant to heat. 
• The main use of salt in the diet is to produce hydrochloric acid to digest the food. 
• A ductile Material can permanently be stretched without fracture and a malleable material can permanently be composed without fracture. 
• A greenish - yellow colour is seen once hard-boiled egg due to the formation of some iron compounds.
• Sodium carbonate does not make water hard, because the sodium salts of higher fatty acids are water-soluble. 
• Negative ions migrate to the anode during electrolysis. 
• The transfer of electron is seen in electrovalence. 
• Calcination involves the change of metals into their oxides. 
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